https://dspace.iiti.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/3648 2026-08-15T10:03:46Z https://dspace.iiti.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18898 Title: Non-invasive biomarkers for early oral cancer detection through multiomics approach Authors: Verma, Tarun Prakash; Singh, Siddharth; Jha, Hem Chandra Abstract: Background: Non-invasive biomarker-based approaches are urgently needed to support early identification and monitoring of Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its precursor, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Methods: We employed combined metabolomic and proteomic analyses to profile saliva and lesion surface swabs from clinically diagnosed OSCC (n = 15), OSMF (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 27). Polar and nonpolar metabolites were extracted separately from saliva, while proteins were isolated from exfoliated mucosal epithelial cells. Differential expression, pathway enrichment, and biomarker classification were performed across four comparisons: OSCC vs non-OSCC (controls + OSMF), OSCC vs OSMF, OSMF vs control, and OSCC vs control. Results: Distinct molecular changes were observed across the health-to-cancer spectrum. Top discriminatory salivary metabolites included linoelaidic acid, gamma-glutamylcysteine, and 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, implicating dysregulated linoleic acid metabolism, redox imbalance, and fatty acid β-oxidation in pathogenesis. Proteomic data revealed significant upregulation of histone variants, cytoskeletal keratins, and BPI-fold-containing proteins in OSCC, reflecting chromatin remodelling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Multivariate biomarker panels achieved high accuracy (AUC ≥ 0.96) for classifying OSMF from OSCC. Conclusion: Our combined metabolomic and proteomic profiling revealed non-invasive molecular signatures for early detection and monitoring of OSCC and OSMF. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2026. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.iiti.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18888 Title: The gut-thyroid interplay: Emerging role of gut dysbiosis in thyroid dysregulation Authors: Raghuvanshi, Priya; Kaithwas, Richa; Saini, Vaishali; Varshney, Nidhi; Rani, Annu; Kumar, Rajesh; Jha, Hem Chandra Abstract: The gut-thyroid interplay is a dynamic bidirectional crosstalk among the gut microbiota, thyroid function, and immune regulation. Recent studies highlight the essential role of gut microbial metabolites in regulating thyroid hormone metabolism, immune responses, and intestinal barrier integrity. Gut dysbiosis has emerged as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD). It leads to increased intestinal permeability, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and activation of autoimmunity, thereby leading to Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. Multi-omics studies have revealed disease-specific microbial signatures associated with AITD. Thyroid dysfunction and intestinal disorders frequently coexist, as evidenced by deterioration of the intestinal barrier and increased permeability, which, in turn, stimulates the immune system. Probiotics have therapeutic potential for restoring thyroid homeostasis. Overall, the gut microbiota emerges as a key regulator of thyroid homeostasis, influencing hormone availability and immune tolerance. Understanding this interplay provides novel insights into the mechanisms of thyroid disease and identifies the potential targeted therapeutic strategies. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.iiti.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18891 Title: Hybrid ZnCo2S4/Polyindole Electrode for Advanced Supercapacitor: DFT and Raman Mapping-Based Mechanistic Study of Improved Performance Authors: Rout, Partha Sarathi; Bansal, Love; Ahlawat, Nikita; Kumar, Shivam; Sahu, Bhumika; Srivastava, Saumya; Singh, Sharmistha; Rath, Deb Kumar; Chondath, Subin Kaladi; Kumar, Rajesh Abstract: Energy demand and sustainable development goals are key terms around which materials for future technology are being designed. Here, a core-shell type zinc cobalt sulfide/polyindole (ZCS@PI) composite in a honeycomb structure has been engineered through a two-step electrodeposition process, enhancing charge transfer for fabricating a prototype quasi-solid supercapacitor capable of powering electronic appliances. The ZCS@PI electrode could achieve a specific capacitance of 4700 Fg−1, with 96% of the charge storage attributed to diffusion-controlled processes. Its high capacitance is attributed to the presence of more electroactive sites, as confirmed by molecular electrostatic potential plots for ZCS and PI. Ex situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry was used to establish the charging/discharging mechanism. Thus, the fabricated prototype device maintained its full energy capacity, exhibiting high capacitance, energy, and power densities, and retained 82% capacitance after 3000 cycles. The device could power LEDs and DC motors, making the design worth on-field use. © 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.iiti.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18884 Title: Disorder driven crossover from superparamagnetism to an interacting-cluster state in Fe2Ti0.75Mn0.25Sn Heusler alloy Authors: Mishra, Kulbhushan; Bhobe, Preeti Anand Abstract: We report a comprehensive investigation of the structural and magnetic properties of Mn-substituted Fe2TiSn Heusler alloy using powder neutron diffraction and magnetization measurements. Rietveld refinement of neutron diffraction confirms the cubic L21 structure with ∼9% B2-type antisite disorder between Fe and Ti/Mn sites. Magnetization measured as a function of temperature and magnetic field reveal the emergence of short-range ferromagnetic correlations below 325 K, arising from nanoscale ∼9.04 nm) ferromagnetic clusters. At high temperatures, these clusters exhibit superparamagnetic behavior, but on cooling, enhanced inter-cluster interactions drive a crossover to a correlated ferromagnetic-like state. The progression from superparamagnetism to interacting-cluster state correlates with antisite disorder and local lattice distortion, which tune both the cluster dimensions and its coupling strength. The results highlight the critical role of structural disorder in governing magnetic cluster dynamics in Fe-based Heusler alloys and establish a pathway to engineer collective spin states for spintronic and magnetic storage applications. © 2026 Elsevier B.V. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z