DSpace Collection:

Microgrinding process of glass substrates

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Microgrinding process of glass substrates Authors: Joshi, Suhas S Abstract: The demand for precision components having micro-scale features and nanometric surface finish is ever-increasing in optical instruments, semiconductor industries, and biomedical analysis. Materials such as glass, silicon, and other advanced ceramics are often preferred in such applications. However, shaping or machining the aforesaid materials is difficult due to their brittle nature and tendency to form cracks. Microgrinding is a process with high capability for the fabrication and finishing of 2.5D/3D micro-structures in hard and brittle materials. The process has gained attention, and major developments have taken place only in the last one or two decades. A micro-abrasive tool, which is either a pencil-tip or a thin disc type, comes in physical contact with the workpiece and effects material removal by engaging multiple abrasives with the work material. Appropriate tool design, process parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut), and lubrication conditions can generate surfaces with dimensional accuracy within ~1 µm and surface roughness <10-20 nm. This chapter presents the fundamental mechanism and processing parameters of microgrinding to encourage young researchers to explore this domain. © 2026 selection and editorial matter, Nguyen Van Toan and Tarlochan Singh; individual chapters, the contributors.

Design of a Rolling Capsule-Type Miniature Robot (RCMR) for Duct Inspection

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Design of a Rolling Capsule-Type Miniature Robot (RCMR) for Duct Inspection Authors: Patil, Sakshee; Kankar, Pavan Kumar; Miglani, Ankur Abstract: This study presents the design, static analysis, and manufacturing of a Rolling Capsule-type Miniature Robot (RCMR) for inspecting pipelines with inner diameters as small as 30 mm. The research addresses the challenges of miniaturization in robotics by developing a compact and efficient solution for traversing small ducts. The design process is carried out using Fusion 360, followed by a feasibility check through static analysis in FEASTSMT. The RCMR is constructed from a modular set of components held together by a combination of screws and various lock mechanisms, with an average device dimension of approximately mm2. Additive manufacturing, specifically 3D printing, is employed for fabricating the prototypes, offering design freedom and the ability to produce fully functional rigid miniature components with high accuracy and speed. The effectiveness of the RCMR is demonstrated through experimental results, showcasing its capability to traverse ducts with varying dimensions. This research lays the foundation for further advancements in miniature robotics for duct inspection, with potential future work focusing on wireless control systems, vertical movement capabilities, and the integration of advanced sensing technologies. © 2026 selection and editorial matter, Debanik Roy and Snehashish Chakraverty.

Electromagnetic Compaction and Radial Mechanical Pressing of Aluminium Powder

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Electromagnetic Compaction and Radial Mechanical Pressing of Aluminium Powder Authors: Vishwakarma, Tanuj; Singh, Ummed; Rajak, Ashish Kumar Abstract: Powder metallurgy is a versatile manufacturing process known for its ability to produce complex-shaped components with tailored properties, making it invaluable across multiple industries. This study investigates and compares the compaction behaviour, mechanical properties, and microstructure of pure aluminium powder using both conventional strain rate compaction, i.e. radial mechanical pressing (RMP) and high strain rate compaction, i.e. electromagnetic compaction (EMC) methods. The RMP process employs a hydraulic press to compact the powder conventionally. In contrast, in the EMC process, a rapid and intense magnetic field is generated through a solenoid coil, resulting in high-strain-rate compaction. Both process involves radial compaction of powder to generate a cylindrical specimen. After compaction, the samples are sintered, prepared, and tested. The testing includes hardness tests and microstructural analysis by using optical microscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Results are compared between the RMP and the EMC processes. This research aims to fill a critical gap in the field by enabling a direct comparison of radial compaction of powder at conventional and high strain rates, providing valuable insights into the influence of strain rate on the properties of powder compacted samples. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2026.

Effect of Ti addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Co–Cr–Mo alloy developed by µ-plasma arc metal powder additive manufacturing process

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effect of Ti addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of Co–Cr–Mo alloy developed by µ-plasma arc metal powder additive manufacturing process Authors: Negi, Balbir Singh; Jain, Neelesh Kumar; Gupta, Sharad Abstract: This paper presents effects of addition of 4wt.% of Ti to Co-Cr-Mo alloy by µ-plasma arc metal powder additive manufacturing (µ-PAMPAM) process on microstructure, phase evolution, bending strength, tensile and compressive yield and ultimate strength, % elongation, microhardness, porosity, and density of the resultant alloy and their comparison with Co-Cr-Mo alloy. Microstructure and phase evolution study of Co-Cr-Mo alloy showed Co-rich matrix comprising of γ-Co and ε-Co phases, formation of Cr7C3 and Cr23C6 carbides due to presence of carbon and affinity of Cr towards it, and micro-cracks. Addition of 4 wt% Ti to Co-Cr-Mo alloy refined its grains, minimized formation of micro-cracks, led to formation of β-Ti phase and Co-Ti intermetallic compound along with the chromium carbides. It also reduced porosity and density of the resultant Co-Cr-Mo-4Ti alloy. Grain refinement increased flexural strength of Co-Cr-Mo-4Ti alloy. Solid solution effect of Ti increased tensile and compressive yield strength, ultimate compressive and tensile strength, and percentage elongation of Co-Cr-Mo-4Ti alloy as compared to Co-Cr-Mo alloy. Microhardness of Co-Cr-Mo-4Ti alloy increased to 473 MPa from 382 MPa of Co-Cr-Mo alloy due to formation of Co-Ti intermetallic compound and β-Ti phase. All these improvements enhance durability and strength of Co-Cr-Mo-4Ti alloy along with a reduction in stress shielding effect as compared to the Co-Cr-Mo, making it more suitable for knee prothesis applications. © The Author(s) 2026.