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GIS-based mapping of bearing capacity and liquefaction hazard for the Srinagar metropolitan region of Kashmir

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: GIS-based mapping of bearing capacity and liquefaction hazard for the Srinagar metropolitan region of Kashmir Authors: Satyam, Neelima Abstract: This study evaluates the bearing capacity and liquefaction hazards in the sedimentary deposits of the Srinagar Metropolitan Region (SMR) through two novel indices: the Bearing Capacity Hazard Index (BCHI) and the Liquefaction Hazard Index (LHI). The study area is located in the Kashmir Valley, having sedimentary deposits of alluvial floodplains and Karewa highlands, which exhibit significant geotechnical variability due to their distinct depositional environments. BCHI integrates static bearing capacity (SBC), static settlement (SS), seismic-to-static bearing capacity ratio (SBCR), and seismic settlement potential (SSP), while LHI incorporates liquefaction potential index (LPI), liquefaction settlement (S), and liquefaction severity number (LSN). These parameters have then been combined through the Analytical Hierarchy Approach integrated with a GIS platform to develop hazard maps for the region. BCHI has been used to divide the region into zones of bearing capacity hazard: low (< 0.2), medium-high (0.2–0.5), and very high (> 0.5). LHI values have been used to delineate the region based on liquefaction vulnerability: low (< 0.2), medium-high (0.2–0.5), and very high (> 0.5). Results indicate significant spatial variations in geotechnical and liquefaction hazard over the region. The alluvial plains fall in the medium-high hazard zones of liquefaction as well as bearing capacity, whereas the Karewa highlands fall in the low hazard zone of liquefaction and medium hazard zone of bearing capacity. Thereby, the study underscores the severe geotechnical risks in alluvial floodplains, while highlighting Karewa highlands as more suitable for urban expansion. The proposed hazard maps can be used for developing essential guidance for foundation design, land-use planning, and disaster risk mitigation, contributing to safer infrastructure development in the Srinagar Metropolitan Region. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026.

Synergizing Color Modulation with Energy Storage Capabilities through MXene Doping: Hybrid Electrochromic Supercapacitor and the Mechanism Therein

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Synergizing Color Modulation with Energy Storage Capabilities through MXene Doping: Hybrid Electrochromic Supercapacitor and the Mechanism Therein Authors: Srivastava, Saumya; Sahu, Bhumika; Bansal, Love; Ahlawat, Nikita; Rath, Deb Kumar; Rout, Partha Sarathi; Kaladi Chondath, Subin; Kumar, Shivam; Singh, Sharmistha; Kumar, Rajesh Abstract: The rapid progress in fundamental technologies has sparked significant interest in multifunctional electronic gadgets with flexible and wearable capabilities, driving intense research into high-performance multifunctional devices. Here, a 2-fold approach is employed to design a multifunctional Ti3C2 MXene-doped methyl viologen (MV) and Prussian blue (PB)-based electrochromic energy storage device (Ti3C2-ECESD). First, role-specific components have been identified to achieve targeted functionality, and second, a density functional theory-based simulation in combination with experimental in situ voltage-dependent Raman measurements has been utilized to establish the working mechanism. The 2D material (Ti3C2 MXene), when used as a dopant, enhances the electrochromic properties and enables energy storage. Notably, an improved electrochromic property has also been achieved as the necessary prebleaching step was carried out in the device state configuration to avoid degradation due to side reactions in liquid solutions. The inclusion of Ti3C2 MXene in the device achieves a high color contrast of 84% with impressive coloration efficiency (506 cm2/C), durable stability over 1400 s, and a fast switching speed of ∼1.4 s. In conjunction with its improved electrochromic performance, the device exhibits good charge storage properties, characterized by fast charging and slow discharging, with a maximum specific capacitance of 33.4 mF/cm2 at a current density of 0.4 mA/cm2. To extend its on-site application, a flexible device has also been fabricated that can be easily bent or twisted, making it a promising candidate for real-life multifunctional applications in wearable electronic gadgets. © 2026 American Chemical Society

Unraveling Scaling Relationships in Dual-Atom Catalysts with Electronic Descriptors: A Machine Learning Investigation for OER/ORR Activity

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Unraveling Scaling Relationships in Dual-Atom Catalysts with Electronic Descriptors: A Machine Learning Investigation for OER/ORR Activity Authors: Sharma, Rahul Kumar; Minhas, Harpriya; Pathak, Biswarup Abstract: Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) have emerged as a new frontier in heterogeneous catalysis, offering improved stability and superior performance in key electrocatalytic reactions. However, identifying optimal multimetallic DACs combination for a multistep reaction is challenging due to the vast chemical space. Herein, we develop a machine learning (ML) framework to expedite the screening of DACs, which consist of a heterometallic dimer embedded in the surface layer of a metal host, for improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance. We encode the solid-state-derived d-band descriptors to accurately train the ML model and effectively capture the nonmonotonic bifunctional activity on DACs, without requiring expensive DFT calculations. Interestingly, we identify the nonscaling behavior of these DACs, with CoPd and CoCu dimer exhibiting superior OER and ORR activity. Furthermore, we employ the surface charging method to evaluate the potential-dependent activity and reveal the nonlinear relationship between catalytic activity and electrode potential. Overall, this study established the pivotal role of d-states in governing the catalytic performance and offers a practical pathway to accelerate the discovery of next-generation electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications. © 2026 American Chemical Society

Multiplicity dependence of f0(980) production in pp collisions at s= 13 TeV

Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Multiplicity dependence of f0(980) production in pp collisions at s= 13 TeV Authors: Singh, K.; Sahu, D.; Sahoo, Raghunath; Sahoo, B.; Roy, Ankhi; Radhakrishnan, A.M.K.; Prasad, S.; Pradhan, K.K. Abstract: The dependence of f0(980) production on the final-state charged-particle multiplicity is reported for proton–proton (pp) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy, s= 13 TeV. The production of f0(980) is measured with the ALICE detector via the f0(980)?p+p- decay channel in a midrapidity region of |y|< 0.5. The evolution of the integrated yields and mean transverse momentum of f0(980) as a function of charged-particle multiplicity measured in pp at s= 13 TeV follows the trends observed in pp at s= 5.02 TeV and in proton–lead (p–Pb) collisions at sNN= 5.02 TeV. Particle yield ratios of f0(980) to p± and K*(892)0 are found to decrease with increasing charged-particle multiplicity. These particle ratios are compared with calculations from the canonical statistical thermal model as a function of charged-particle multiplicity. The thermal model calculations provide a better description of the decreasing trend of particle ratios when no strange or antistrange quark composition for f0(980) is assumed, which suggests that the data do not support significant hidden strangeness in the f0(980). © CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration 2026.