Development of muon chamber in CBM experiment and study of particle production in low energy heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

Our fundamental quest about the creation and evolution of the present universe ignites the research in relativistic heavy ion collisions. It is believed that a hot de-confined state of quarks and gluons, known as Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), was created at the beginning of the universe. Experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), USA, and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN are unique facilities to create such exotic states in the laboratory by relativistic heavy ion collisions. They already revealed a lot about the hot Quantum Chromody namic (QCD) state. According to Lattice QCD prediction [1], a baryon-rich cold QGP state that may exist in neutron stars can also be produced in the laboratory at high baryon density and moderate temperature. However, experimentally the baryon-rich QGP state is not much explored compared to the hot one. The experiments at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at Dubna, Russia, and the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) accelerator at GSI, Darmstadt, are the upcoming efforts that aim to explore the high baryon density and moderate temperature region of the QCD phase diagram.