Development of efficient electrocatalysts requires morphological and compositional engineering to provide abundant active sites and enhanced charge-transfer properties. This work focuses on Fe and Co incorporation into NiMoO4 nanostructures to investigate their synergistic effects on morphology and electrochemical performance. When Fe and Co are incorporated together in NiMoO4, it forms grassy weeds-like nanorod architecture. Structural and elemental analysis confirms the successful addition ...

Speed reduction along successive highway geometric features, such as tangent-to-curve (T-C) transitions, is a key factor in assessing the geometric design consistency of rural highways. Design consistency is a surrogate safety strategy for rural highways. Speed reduction is a widely accepted measure for evaluating design consistency at T-C transitions, especially when the tangent is independent (i.e., an isolated curve). Therefore, it is essential to identify independent tangents and predict ...

High Level Synthesis (HLS) has emerged as an industry de-facto standard in designing hardware accelerators and reusable intellectual property (IP) cores used in the system-on-chips (SoCs). However, the design process of HLS exposes critical security vulnerabilities in the form of backdoor hardware Trojan (HT). This paper presents a novel HLS-aided Trojan for register allocation tampering (RAT) attack, without affecting the functionality of the IP design. It introduces a new variant of HLS Tro...

The AA4043 is an established aluminum alloy known for its exceptional weldability, corrosion resistance, and high strength-to-weight ratio. This makes it ideal for aerospace, marine, and automobile applications where maintaining structural properties in harsh environments is essential. Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) via Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) provides accurate heat control and a high deposition rate, reducing thermal distortion and making it ideal for large-scale component producti...

Conventional processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures suffer from limited efficiency due to transistor-intensive adder trees and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) overhead. This work presents BRAIN-AD, a bit-serial, ReRAM-based digital PIM macro for energy-efficient autonomous driving assistance systems (ADAS). The proposed design integrates a compact 1-bit multiply-accumulate (MAC) unit combining a 3T1R Re-XNOR non-volatile bit-cell for in-memory multiplication with an area-efficient 10T pas...

Carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) combine high strength and elastic modulus with low weight, and are thus an important material within the automobile and aviation industries. Combining high performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with CFRP substrates presents an opportunity to create structural materials that also generate power. Here such mobile power applications require the use of devices having a high specific power in which both the efficiency and the weight of the solar cell is...

While divergences in correlation length and time, hallmarks of criticality, have been established for second-order transitions to synchronization in the Kuramoto model, a comprehensive understanding of analogous scalings for abrupt transitions to desynchronization remains elusive. Through simulations and analytical calculations, we investigate this discontinuous transition for the Kuramoto model with higher-order interactions. We report the emergence of critical slowing down, marked by a dive...

India’s rapid expansion of solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity toward the 500 GW renewable energy target by 2030 will generate substantial end-of-life (EoL) PV waste, creating an environmental challenge. This study develops an integrated framework combining Seasonal ARIMA (SARIMA) forecasting with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The SARIMA model developed using MNRE PV installation data (2019–2024), achieved a rolling-window cross-validation MAPE of 11.32%. Forecasts indicate annual PV waste will i...

Precise livestock identification is central to modern livestock management system. It enables health surveillance, supporting insurance and liability verification, and ensuring transparency in trade and market transactions of livestock. Various biometric modalities have been explored for bovines such as muzzles, face, coat pattern and retinal imaging. However, retinal imaging offers distinct advantages with its inherent stability and unique vascular structure. This study proposes a lightweigh...

Brain tumors (BT) are malignant diseases, but early detection is possible with accurate diagnosis. Often, the central nervous system is affected by the brain. The brain Magnetic Resonance (MR) image tumor dataset is used and experimented. The dataset contains three types of tumors, such as “glioma, meningioma, and pituitary”, and one no tumor. A total of 7023 samples out of which 5712 training (4117 tumor and 1595 no tumor) and 1311 testing (906 tumor and 405 no tumor) samples are carried out...

Respiratory sensors are emerging as powerful tools for continuous, non-invasive monitoring of breathing patterns. These sensors hold immense potential for applications in various healthcare scenarios. In this paper, we report a novel transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC’s) based respiratory sensor that exhibits high resistivity, fast response, and excellent flexibility. TMDC turned out to be the most suited of all materials as they offer tunable bandgap with wider surface area resulting in ...

Biomolecular condensation offers a powerful strategy to create confined microenvironments for regulating chemical transformations

In this study, VO2(B) nanostructures were synthesized via a stabilizer-free hydrothermal route and successfully converted to VO2(M) at 350 °C in just 30 min. This process offers a reduced thermal budget compared to established protocols, which generally require temperatures above 400 °C and durations exceeding 1 h. The resulting urchin-like VO2 nanostructures were characterized using a variety of techniques such as XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM and DSC to investigate their structural evolution...

In this study, we investigate the influence of deconfined QCD matter on quarkonium spin alignment in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We estimate the spin alignment of charmonium (J/ψ, and ψ(2 S)) and bottomonium (Υ(1 S), and Υ(2 S)) states for Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV as a function of transverse momentum by calculating the energy eigenvalues in a thermal rotating medium. We solve the Schrödinger equation with a medium-modified color-singlet potential, considering the coupling...

A simple colorimetric method was developed for the determination of the triazine herbicide ametryn in vegetable samples using UV–visible spectrophotometry and smartphone-based digital image colorimetry (DIC). The sensing strategy relies on ametryn-induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), generating a visible color change proportional to analyte concentration. Multivariate optimization was applied to enhance analytical performance while minimizing experimental runs. Five variables (p...