Control of size, band gap, and surface charge by garlic extract mediated green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and their applicability in soybean seed germination

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) have become indispensable in various industries and are present in many everyday products, ranging from toothpaste to satellite paints. The widespread application of NPs has consequently driven a substantial demand for these materials. However, conventional large-scale synthesis methods for NPs are often environmentally detrimental. This project explores a greener and eco-friendly approach to NP synthesis, known as green synthesis. This thesis demonstrates that precise control over the properties of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) NPs, such as size, band gap, and surface charge, is achievable using the eco-friendly method. Given their remarkable biological properties, NPs are extensively utilized as biomaterials. This thesis also presents a study on the effectiveness of green-synthesized ZnO NPs over traditionally synthesized counterparts, particularly focusing on their efficacy in promoting soybean seed germination.