Nanoparticles for bacterial transformation

Abstract

Gene delivery is a cornerstone of molecular biology, genetic engineering, and regenerative medicine, enabling the controlled introduction of foreign genetic material into target cells to induce desired biological responses. Traditional gene delivery systems, including viral vectors and synthetic carriers, suffer from limitations such as immunogenicity, cytotoxicity, instability, and lack of targeted delivery, making them less ideal for widespread therapeutic applications. To address these challenges, nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery has emerged as a promising alternative due to its biocompatibility, stability, and ability to provide a protective environment for genetic material. This study focuses on the formation of nanoparticles as gene delivery carriers and their role in genetic transformation. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a green chemistry approach, ensuring an environmentally sustainable and efficient fabrication process. The properties of these nanoparticles facilitated the formation of stable, uniform structures capable of encapsulating and delivering genetic material with high efficiency.