A Meshless Approach to Study Rarefied Gas Flows in Lid-Driven Square Cavities

Abstract

This paper investigates rarefied gas flows in a lid-driven square cavity using the method of fundamental solutions (MFS). Unlike traditional techniques requiring extensive computational resources and meshing for simulating rarefied gas flows in complex geometries, the MFS bypasses the need for mesh generation and offers a promising alternative. This research focuses on rarefied gas flows confined within an isothermal square cavity with single-sided and two-sided lid-driven configurations. The coupled constitutive relations (CCR) have been adopted in the present work to capture rarefaction effects. © The Author(s) 2026.