Empowering Blind Internet Users: Addressing Communication Self-Efficacy and Digital Barriers

Abstract

This study examines digital divide faced by blind internet users, emphasizing the gender disparities in shaping the Communication Self-Efficacy (CSE)-the confidence and ability to navigate and engage in online communication and digital platforms. Employing a mixed-methods approach, specifically an explanatory sequential design, the study first gathered quantitative data to identify trends in CSE among blind users, followed by qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews that explore experiences, highlighting the intersection of gender and CSE. This disparity is further explored in the qualitative phase, which uncovers factors contributing to the lower CSE among female blind users, including reduced familiarity with assistive technologies, limited previous internet use, and fewer opportunities for digital literacy training. The findings suggest that female blind users face more significant barriers to developing CSE, causing a gender digital divide. Access, lack of digital literacy programs, and tailored assistive technology training emerge as critical factors influencing CSE, particularly for women. By combining statistical trends with in-depth personal narratives, the study highlights the need for gender-sensitive interventions that support equitable digital inclusion for them. © 2025 IEEE.