Solar Observation at 53 MHz Using CU-ST Radar with Signal Processing Techniques in Passive Mode Operation

Abstract

Calcutta University Stratosphere Troposphere Radar is a Pulse Doppler Active Phased Array located at Kalyani, West Bengal, India, at the Haringhata campus of the University of Calcutta. It has 475 Yagi-Uda Antennas at 53 MHz central frequency, arranged as an almost circular array. It primarily works in active mode in atmospheric, ionospheric, and weather studies. And passive mode operation though supported by system involved various signal processing techniques and plotting methods. Passive mode is very lucrative considering no power being transmitted, which reduces operational costs for active arrays. This chapter outlines the results obtained in the radar operation and data processing in passive mode observing the Sun on February 3, 2023, and tracking it. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2026.