Dual-Beam LHCP/RHCP Beamforming Using a Holographic Metasurface Antenna

Abstract

A dual-beam dual circularly polarized (CP) holographic metasurface antenna (HMSA) with an isotropic unit cell topology is proposed in this work. The unit cells in the MS are periodically arranged with a progressive phase modulation, excited by a near-edge quarter-wave monopole antenna placed at its center. The HMSA has dimensions of 375 mm × 375 mm, and the unit cells are nonlinearly distributed in 50 × 50 matrix. The overall impedance profile of the MS is designed to generate two simultaneous CP beams: one with left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and the other with right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), radiated at two directions (θ, φ)=(30°, 0°),(-30°, 0°), respectively. Further, the LHCP and RHCP beams achieve peak gains of 18.69 dB and 18.75 dB, respectively, with corresponding axial ratios of 1.88 dB and 1.72 dB. The proposed dual-beam dual-CP HMSA can provide independent links for multiple users, making the design highly suitable for next-generation wireless communication systems. © 2025 IEEE.