Performance Analysis of Full-Duplex Cooperative NOMA-Enabled ISAC in Heterogeneous Networks

Abstract

This paper investigates the performance of an in tegrated sensing and communication (ISAC)-enabled heterogeneous network (HetNet) using cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (C-NOMA). To address overlap of frequency bands caused by dense device deployment and to improve data rates, spectrum utilization, and hardware efficiency, a novel ISAC-enabled HetNet architecture featuring both the macro base stations (MBSs) and the pico-base stations (PBSs) is introduced. The PBS performs both sensing and cooperative communication, acting as a full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward relay to assist MBS-to-user transmission. NOMA is applied in both MBS-to-user and PBS-to-user links to enhance spectral efficiency. The target nodes are modeled using a Poisson point process, with a nearest-neighbor connection policy to improve the sensing accuracy compared to ISAC-OMA. Performance evaluation and comparison are performed using outage probability, system throughput, and probability of detection. The results show that, the proposed C-NOMA achieves upto 58% higher system throughput than OMA and 32% higher than conventional NOMA. © 1967-2012 IEEE.