MXene-Integrated Carbon-Based Materials: Structural Engineering and Wastewater Remediation

Abstract

Carbon containing hybrid materials have been explored for multiple applications particularly 2D materials such as graphene, carbon nitrides, MXenes (aligned carbides and nitrides of transition metals) and others, owing to their notable biological, chemical and physical properties. The structural, surface and compositional configurations of such advanced materials have been designed and used by researchers and scientists in recent years due to the versatile performance of these materials in the field of science and technology. Among the various classes of these 2D materials, MXene are the most promising candidates for multipurpose uses including biomedical, pharmaceutical, energy storage and conversion, and environmental applications such as wastewater treatment, and bioremediation. The heavy metal removal, dye degradation and antibacterial functions has been thoroughly studied, prompting a comprehensive review of relevant research articles and data to provide detailed insights into their fundamental properties. Moreover, MXenes have been widely synthesized and structurally modified to enhance its catalytic properties, particularly in environmental science and research. This chapter thoroughly describes the essentials of MXene-based metamaterials or composites and their applications, such as industrial wastewater treatment. © 2026 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.