Role of splicing regulator SRSF1-3 and nucleosome positioning linked with AID mediated Somatic Hypermutation of Ig genes

Abstract

Antibody diversity is a crucial phenomenon that assists the host to combat against a diverse range of pathogens. In B-cells, these diverse antibodies are produced from a limited set of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes via well-crafted mechanism involving V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). SHM and CSR are crucial events occurring in the activated B-cells, exclusively mediated by a genome mutator enzyme popularly known as Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). In SHM, AID introduces point mutations into the variable region of Ig heavy chain (IgH) and light chain (IgL) loci to produce diverse forms of antibodies, while CSR is an excision event which further results in the production of different Ig isotypes (Choudhary et al., 2018; Kano and Wang, 2013) (Fig. 1).