Recent progress on perovskite-based solar cells

Abstract

The global energy crisis and environmental pollution are increasingly spotlighted due to the fast development of industries and population growth. Energy is a fundamental requirement of human life and increasing rapidly at the global level, which represents one of the biggest issues in the 21st century. Currently, over 80% of the globe's energy demand is mainly addressed by the consumption of fossil fuels, which stimulate global warming and have a deleterious impact on the environment as well as depleted in the near future. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a new type of alternating energy to fossil fuels that is clean, cheap, renewable, and long-lasting. Solar energy is considered as the most abundant, renewable, and clean energy source, which can satisfy both growing energy demand for the future and the environmental pollution issues. Moreover, solar energy gives 10,000 times more power than the requirement of the entire planet and has become the prime choice as a new alternative energy for the near future. Therefore, conversion of solar energy to usable fuel such as electric power is one of the most promising approach of sustainable energy research. A photovoltaic device or solar cells has been considered as the most promising technologies to harvest solar light and directly convert it to electric power and provides a non-polluting energy source. Among different state-of-the-art developed solar cells, perovskite solar cells are remarkably encouraging and promising hotspots of research due to their incredible energy conversion efficiency, easy fabrication, and low cost. © 2022 Scrivener Publishing LLC.