Effect of various particlization scenarios on anisotropic flow and particle production using UrQMD hybrid model

Abstract

We discuss the effect of various particlization scenarios available in the hybrid ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) event generator on different observables in non-central (b = 5–9 fm) Au + Au collisions in the beam energy range 1A-158A GeV. Particlization models switch fluid dynamic description to the transport description using various hypersurface criteria. In addition to particlization models, various equations-of-state (EoS) provided by the UrQMD hybrid model were employed. The observables examined in this paper include the excitation function of anisotropic coefficients such as directed (v1) and elliptic flow (v2), particle ratios of the species, and the shape of net-proton rapidity spectra at mid-rapidity. Our findings in this article suggest which particlization scenario among gradual freeze-out (GF, default), isochronous freeze-out(ICF), and iso-energy density freeze-out(IEF) hypersurface, is more reasonable in predicting the available experimental results. The results obtained here can help predict and compare the measurements provided by future experiments at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) and the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) once the data becomes available. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.