Measurements of azimuthal anisotropies at forward and backward rapidity with muons in high-multiplicity p–Pb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV

Abstract

The study of the azimuthal anisotropy of inclusive muons produced in p–Pb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV, using the ALICE detector at the LHC is reported. The measurement of the second-order Fourier coefficient of the particle azimuthal distribution, v2, is performed as a function of transverse momentum pT in the 0–20% high-multiplicity interval at both forward (2.03&lt

yCMS&lt

3.53) and backward (−4.46&lt

yCMS&lt

−2.96) rapidities over a wide pT range, 0.5&lt

pT&lt

10 GeV/c, in which a dominant contribution of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays is expected at pT&gt

2 GeV/c. The v2 coefficient of inclusive muons is extracted using two different techniques, namely two-particle cumulants, used for the first time for heavy-flavour measurements, and forward–central two-particle correlations. Both techniques give compatible results. A positive v2 is measured at both forward and backward rapidities with a significance larger than 4.7σ and 7.6σ, respectively, in the interval 2&lt

pT&lt

6 GeV/c. Comparisons with previous measurements in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV, and with AMPT and CGC-based theoretical calculations are discussed. The findings impose new constraints on the theoretical interpretations of the origin of the collective behaviour in small collision systems. © 2023 European Organization for Nuclear Research