Studies on microwave and millimeter-wave circularly polarized antennas

Abstract

The antenna, a crucial component in communication systems, acts as an interface between guided and free-space waves. It holds immense significance in telecommunications and radio frequency (RF) technology, facilitating wireless communication among devices such as radios, TVs, mobile phones, and satellites. Antennas exhibit a wide diversity, from simple wire configurations to sophisticated parabolic reflectors, each designed for specific applications. Their capability to harness and manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves makes antennas integral to modern communication systems, enabling seamless information exchange across vast distances. In the era of wireless communication, the surge in mobile network usage, driven by smart devices and applications, has intensified frequency spectrum congestion. The widespread integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) further contributes to this congestion, demanding substantial data capacities for applications like high-definition TV, corporate functions, business operations, and global scientific conferences, among others. Addressing these challenges requires enhancing communication channel capacity, which can be achievable through two approaches; firstly, by increasing the number of transceivers and/or incorporating reconfigurable antennas, and secondly, by shifting the operating frequency towards millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands to explore the vast available bandwidth.