Electrochemical Water Splitting: H2 Evolution Reaction

Abstract

Development of the clean and green energy sources is the most intensive research in the present energy crisis scenario. In this approach, hydrogen (H2) can be a promising source of clean energy due to its high energy density in molecular form. There are various methods for the H2 production such as water splitting by providing heat energy, partial oxidation, and steam reforming. The main drawback of these methods is that they leave behind carbon emission while H2 production. Electrolysis of water by the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) is more valuable and proficient method to produce H2 because it is of low cost and pollution free. The key point of the electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen is that its kinetics is slow. To enhance the H2 production, the HER kinetics need to be faster and for that an efficient electrocatalyst is required which must be earth abundant and cost effective. This book chapter covers the basics of electrochemical water splitting with providing a clear idea of the water-splitting mechanism via HER. Here, a fruitful discussion about the selection of electrocatalysts for electrochemical water splitting has been included with theoretical, computational, and experimental perspective. A detailed discussion has been carried out for the performances of various electrocatalysts for an effective water splitting in this book chapter. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.