Unveiling the dynamics of particle-reinforced electro-magneto-active circular membrane

Abstract

Electro-magneto-active (EMA) membranes are materials that integrate electromagnetic and active properties to form flexible, responsive surfaces. These membranes typically consist of a soft, elastic matrix embedded with magnetic or electromagnetic particles, which can be manipulated by external magnetic fields or electrical currents. This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamics of an electro-magneto-active circular membrane, a sophisticated smart actuator. Specifically, a continuum physics-based model is implemented to predict the membrane's dynamic response to applied electro-magneto-mechanical loads. The obtained results offer valuable preliminary insights into the influence of both DC and AC dynamic actuation modes on the membrane's nonlinear behavior. Notably, we find that increased particle reinforcement, as indicated by the filler content, significantly enhances polymer strength and reduces deformation. Also, an increase in shear modulus ratio results in a reduction in oscillation intensity and an enhancement in excitation frequency. Additionally, time–history response, Poincaré maps, and phase diagrams are utilized to evaluate the membrane's stability, periodicity, beating phenomena, and resonant behavior. These findings are pivotal for advancing the design and functionality of smart membranes in various biomedical applications. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd