A Framework for Future Net Zero and Sustainable Network Architecture

Abstract

The convergence of Net Zero and cutting-edge digital technologies such as IoT sensors, digital twins, and blockchains represents a new frontier in advancing the digital economy. Global adoption of digital technology was further accelerated during the global pandemic, driven by new ways of working, learning, and communicating. With the increasing focus on reducing global carbon emissions, the synergy between digital technologies and Net Zero offers a significant opportunity to combat climate change. The role of networks in this transition has often been underestimated. This paper explores how future network architecture can simultaneously meet growing functional demands and become more energy-efficient, thus playing a key role in achieving Net Zero goals. We introduce a novel Sustainable Energy-Efficient Network Architecture framework, designed to support sustainability objectives by enhancing energy efficiency of networks. Our key contributions in this paper include multiple use cases supporting future energy-efficient network architecture that are (i) enhanced CDRX for extended reality, (ii) digital twin of 5G radio access network, and (iii) power profiling and prediction of a virtualised base station. The selected use cases were chosen to demonstrate the practical impact of developing energy efficient network. Moreover, simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed use cases. © 2024 IEEE.