Identification of molecular mechanisms of chronic inflammatory responses

Abstract

The human immune system is appreciated as a defense system that protects the body from foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses (Schultz and Grieder, 1987; Yatim and Lakkis, 2015). It can be divided into two broad categories: Innate and adaptive immune system. Innate immunity is the first line of defense to the invading pathogens and quickly recognizes and responds to the stimulus in a non-specific manner, while the adaptive immunity recognizes explicitly the pathogen based on the memory generated against previously encountered infection, allowing a stronger immune response to repetitive infection (Charles A Janeway et al., 2001; Dempsey et al., 2003).