Rotational susceptibility of a hot and dense hadronic matter

Abstract

We study the effect of global rotation on rotational susceptibilities (χω(1), χω(2), etc.), which quantify how much the system responds to small angular velocities, in a hadron resonance gas produced by ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The higher-order rotational susceptibilities and their ratios are estimated in the presence and absence of baryon chemical potential (μB) in the system. The effect of particle spin (s) and system size (R) on the first- and second-order rotational susceptibility is explored. To consider a more realistic scenario, the effect of interactions between hadrons is taken into account by considering van der Waals-like interactions, which include both attractive and repulsive interactions. To validate our results, a comparison with the ideal HRG as a baseline and a 3-flavour NJL model is shown. A nuclear liquid–gas phase transition, which is the characteristic feature of the van der Waals hadron resonance gas model, absent in an ideal hadron gas model, is probed via global rotation. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026.