Thermodynamic and transport properties in Au + Au collisions at RHIC energies from the clustering of color strings

Abstract

In this work, we have extracted the initial temperature from the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in Au + Au collisions using STAR data at RHIC energies from sNN = 7.7-200 GeV. The initial energy density (), shear viscosity to entropy density ratio (η/s), trace anomaly (Δ), the squared speed of sound (Cs2), entropy density, and bulk viscosity to entropy density ratio (Ζ/s) are obtained and compared with the lattice QCD calculations for (2 + 1) flavor. The initial temperatures obtained are compared with various hadronization and chemical freeze-out temperatures. The analysis of the data shows that the deconfinement-to-confinement transition possibly takes place between sNN = 11.5 and 19.6 GeV. © 2019 World Scientific Publishing Company.