Applicability of Hydrodynamics in the Hadronic Phase of Heavy-Ion Collisions See

The hadronic phase and its dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are topics of immense discussion. The hadronic phase contains various massive hadrons with an abundance of the lightest hadron, i.e., (Formula presented.) -mesons (pions). In this paper, we consider that pions are in the thermal equilibrium in the hadronic phase and use second-order viscous hydrodynamics for a medium of massive pions to obtain its expansion to the boundary of the kinetic freeze-out. We achieve the kineti...

Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Vanadium-Doped MoS2 as a Multifunctional Electrocatalyst toward ORR, OER, and HER Applications See

The development of efficient and multifunctional electrocatalysts is crucial for advancing catalytic applications, including the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). These three reactions are among the most crucial electrochemical processes, playing a central role in various energy conversion and storage systems, such as fuel cells, water electrolyzers, and metal-air batteries. In this work, we study the structural, e...

Enhancing urban resilience against elevation-driven precipitation risks in Indian smart cities See

Precipitation variability across urban regions in changing climate influences the regional hydrology, increasing flood challenges, and impacts the water availability patterns. In this study, we provide a risk assessment for Indian smart cities with variations in the precipitation amount. In order to quantify the inter-relationship between elevation and precipitation variability using the entropy theory at multiple scales across the homogeneous precipitation zones of India. The study considere...

Reversal of stress gradient in gradient nanograined copper during the uniaxial tensile deformation See

Gradient nanograined metals, as advanced metallic materials, have been widely studied for their better mechanical properties. Due to the spatial gradient distribution of grain size, gradient nanograined metals exhibit the spatially gradient distribution of stress, which alleviates the stress concentration and reduces the chances of occurrence of strain localization, thus enhancing the ductility of metallic materials. The stress distribution in gradient nanograined metals has been widely repor...

From HTL to HTL-free: Experimental and numerically modelled performance dynamics of Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite solar cells See

For addressing the global energy crisis, this experimental and numerical study investigates HTL-free Cs2AgBiBr6 (CABB) double perovskite solar cells (DPSCs), highlighting their lead-free, non-toxic, and thermally stable properties. The FTO/TiO2/CABB/Carbon-structured DPSCs showed >95 % PCE retention (1.63 % to 1.57 %) after 200 h. The underlying charge transport dynamics reveal a high RRec (1625 Ω), long τe (0.226 s), and efficient ηcce (89.65 %). Additionally, the estimated Ln (3.86 µm) and ...

Tunnel-Structured Na4Mn7.2Cr1.8O18 Metal Oxide as a Potential Cathode for Energy Storage Application in Sodium-Ion Batteries See

This study presents the partial Cr-doping in Na4Mn9O18 to synthesize tunnel-structured Na4Mn7.2Cr1.8O18 through a conventional solid-state method, followed by comprehensive physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations as a cathode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The partial substitution of Mn3+ with Cr effectively reduced the Jahn-Teller distortions and stabilized the material for efficient Na+ ion diffusion. Detailed physicochemical investigations, including thermogravimetric analy...

Smartphone-based colorimetric detection of urinary glucose using a novel green and red/green approach See

Urine dipsticks are commonly used to detect pathological changes in urine due to their low cost and easy operation, having glucose parameter to detect glucosuria. Despite their advantages, the urine dipstick is ineffective in the early detection of diabetes due to its limitations in the detection of glucose below 100 mg/dl. Here, we present a novel, cost-effective ambient ring light-based smartphone platform to accurately estimate urinary glucose concentrations in lower points utilizing gluco...

Ambient condition synthesis of Cs2AgBiBr6-double perovskite and its solar cell performances See

In the fast-advancing world of photovoltaic technologies, lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are gaining noteworthy attention due to their high tendency to offer a combination of environmental sustainability and improved stability. Here, we have explored the impact of temperature variations on the synthesis and the performance of Cs2AgBiBr6 as lead-free double perovskite solar cell, with a significant focus on boosting both power conversion efficiency (PCE) and ambient condition processa...

Exploring the Impact of Bi Content in Nanostructured Pd-Bi Catalysts Used for Selective Oxidation of Glucose: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Properties See

This work is devoted to the study of the effect of small Bi additives on the functional properties of Pdx:Bi/Al2O3 catalysts in the selective oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid. The catalysts obtained by the joint impregnation method were characterized (TEM) by high dispersion of bimetallic nanoparticles with a median diameter of 4–5 nm. The structure of the Pd-Bi solid solution was confirmed via XPS and showed a change in the valence state of Pd and Bi depending on the Bi content, as well...

Metal–Ligand Cooperativity via Π–Π Interactions Supporting Outer-Sphere Hydride Transfer See

A set of phosphine-free Ru(II)-CNC pincer complexes with benzimidazolylidene-based CNC-ligands has been synthesized and characterized, which show excellent catalytic activity toward α-alkylation of ketones using primary alcohols. DFT investigations revealed that these seemingly nonbifunctional complexes can operate via inner- and outer-sphere mechanisms for the alcohol dehydrogenation step

A firm-level analysis of the impact of foreign direct investment in research and development on the innovation output of Indian firms See

Using the firm-level data, this paper investigates the impact of Foreign Direct Investment in Research and Development (FDI-R&D) on firms' innovation output in the Indian context during 2010–2020. We hypothesize that foreign investment brings intangible knowledge about the recent technological advancements, international scientific practices, and working culture of global laboratories to domestic firms and thus improves the innovation performance of such firms. The major challenge in conducti...

Indic-ST: A Large-Scale Multilingual Corpus for Low-Resource Speech-to-Text Translation See

We introduce Indic-ST, a novel dataset for speech-to-text translation (ST) task from English to Indic languages to bridge the performance gap. ST involves converting spoken input in one language into written text in another, playing a key role in real-world applications like subtitling, lecture transcription, and multilingual communication systems. Despite several efforts like Meta's seamless m4t, OpenAI's Whisper, or Google USM model, the performance of ST models on low-resource languages la...

Synergistic anticancer effect of Doxorubicin and Tamoxifen in chitosan nanoparticles for ER-positive breast cancer See

Chemotherapeutics/preventive nanomedicines such as Doxorubicin (DOX) (a DNA-intercalating topoisomerase II inhibitor), and Tamoxifen (TAM) (a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)), are among the commonly used therapeutics to eradicate cancer. The non-specificity of DOX towards non-cancerous cells, systemic toxicity, and drug resistance have made researchers look for alternative modes of chemotherapy. This research focuses on the development and evaluation of dual drug (DOX and TAM) lo...

Rayleigh Wave Propagation in Micropolar Layered Media with Perfect and Slip Interfaces See

This study investigates the dispersion of Rayleigh waves propagating in fiber-reinforced medium over a compressible porous semi-infinite medium under the influence of micropolar elasticity. Perfect and slip boundary conditions are applied on the interface of stratum and substrate to yield the dispersion relation. The model incorporates one of the most effective scheme, the Finite Difference Scheme (FDS) to compute the phase velocities and group velocities of Rayleigh waves. Stability conditio...

Corrigendum to “Role of tungsten on the microstructure and mechanical properties of novel NiMnCrMoWx high entropy alloys” [Mater. Today Commun. 42 (2025) 111088] (Materials Today Communications (2025) 42, (S2352492824030708), (10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.111088)) See

The authors regret that errors were present in the above publication. The corrections are detailed below. Correction toFig. 12 (a) In the original manuscript, the coefficient of friction values presented in Fig. 12(a) were incorrect. The correct figure is as shown below. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

Preface See

[No abstract available]

Role of Finer Particles in Rheological Characterization of Debris Flows: Insights from Western Himalayas See

Debris flows are catastrophic mass movements with significant social and environmental consequences, particularly in the Western Himalayas. Understanding the rheological properties of debris flow material is crucial for accurately modeling their behavior and predicting their impacts. In this study, rheological parameters such as yield stress and viscosity were determined through extensive laboratory testing using a parallel plate setup in a rheometer. Reconstituted soil samples from the debri...

Deep Learning and Wavelet Transform Synergy for Hydraulic System Fault Diagnosis See

Effective detection ofInternal leakage internal leakage in two-stage hydraulic cylinders is essential for operational efficiency and minimizing downtime of hydraulic systems. Traditional methods often fail to detect early leakage, prompting the need for advanced techniques. This paper presents an approach for internal leakageInternal leakage detection in two-stage hydraulic cylinders by integrating wavelet transform and a convolutionalConvolution neural network (CNN)-based advanced deep learn...

Simplified Analysis of Cantilever Sheet Pile Walls with Surcharge on Cohesive Backfill See

Effective retaining wall designs are more important than ever because of the increasing necessity for deep excavations brought on by increased urbanization. One of the most popular types of sheet pile walls for excavations up to six meters deep is cantilever walls. Even though many studies have examined the construction of cantilever sheet pile walls in cohesionless soil under static and seismic circumstances, there is still a dearth of studies of cantilever sheet pile walls penetrating clay....